REPORTS Chloride Bearing Materials in the Southern Highlands of Mars: related news

[REPORTS] Chloride-Bearing Materials in the Southern Highlands of Mars

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The end of the golden age of Mars exploration?

By all accounts it should be the best of times for scientists and other advocates for the exploration of Mars. The planet is under unprecedented study by spacecraft, including three orbiters—NASA’s Mars Odyssey and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and ESA’s Mars Express—as well as NASA’s twin Mars Exploration Rovers, whose 90-day missions have now lasted over four years each. All these spacecraft have returned data that has helped scientists reshape our understanding of the Red Planet, in particular the key issue of water on the planet both in its past and today. Moreover, another spacecraft, Phoenix, is en route to Mars, and will land in the planet’s northern polar regions on Memorial Day weekend. And perhaps the most sophisticated Mars spacecraft ever, the nuclear-powered Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), is under development for la

Learning to Breathe Mars Air (Video)

Talk about dedication! Volunteers in Russia are testing the ability of humans to breathe argon-enriched air, as part of a research program that simulates a manned trip to Mars. Researchers want to know if humans can survive breathing air similar to that found on Mars. Of the experiment one Russian scientist said, "Our experiments show that argon combined with the right portion of oxygen is safe for humans. I tested it on myself and I'm OK, and volunteers are also doing fine." Somehow, I'm not convinced about the rationale and safety of this test. This is preliminary research for the Russian Mars 500 project, which will simulate a manned Mars mission next year.

Mars Express: Looking Beneath Mars' Surface

To truly know and understand another world, planetary scientists need to look beneath the surface of that planet. This has been done on a small scale by looking inside impact craters, a la Opportunity and Spirit on Mars. But that only provides information for one area on a big planet. To get the global picture of the subsurface, a radar sounder instrument was developed for ESA’s Mars Express spacecraft. The Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) experiment has now been successfully used for the first time to look beneath Mars’ south polar ice cap, opening up the third dimension for planetary exploration. “We have demonstrated that the polar caps at Mars are mostly water ice, and produced an inventory so now we know exactly how much water there is,� says Roberto Orosei, MARSIS Deputy Principal Investiga

Engineers 'bone' up on biological materials

In a recent feature article published in Materials Research Society's Bulletin, Dr Michelle Oyen explores the potential uses of synthetic bone-like material. Michelle suggests that these materials will be too expensive to replace materials in typical construction and building applications but can be developed for use in particularly demanding sections of advanced architecture as well as other specialist structural applications.

NASA Mission Finds New Clues to Guide the Search for Life on Mars

WASHINGTON, March 20 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter has found evidence of salt deposits. These deposits point to places where water once was abundant and where evidence might exist of possible Martian life from the Red Planet's past. A team led by Mikki Osterloo of the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, found approximately 200 places on southern Mars that show spectral characteristics consistent with chloride minerals. Chloride is part of many types of salt, such as sodium chloride or table salt. The sites range from about half of a square mile to 25 times that size. "They could come from groundwater reaching the surface in low spots," Osterloo said. "The water would evaporate and leave mineral deposits, which build up over years.

Chemistry Council, EPA Focus on Nanoscale Materials Guidance

The American Chemistry Council led a panel discussion April 3 on the Environmental Protection Agency's voluntary reporting program for chemical nanoscale materials. The nanotechnology program event, which according to ACC featured the most influential players in the nanoscale materials industry, included presentations by EPA and industry representatives on the Nanoscale Materials Stewardship Program's scope, aim, and logistics. Launched in January, the NMSP is a voluntary program intended to help provide a firmer scientific foundation for regulatory decisions by encouraging submissions of hazard and other information, including risk management practices, for nanoscale materials. ACC's Nanotechnology Panel, along with other stakeholders, collaborated with EPA for more than two years in the development of the NMSP to help ensure the program

New place to seek life on Mars

Bright blue marks a deposit of chloride (salt) minerals in the southern highlands of Mars in this THEMIS false-color image which highlights mineral composition differences. Using THEMIS, researchers have found more than 200 such features. These deposits typically lie within topographic depressions and suggest that Mars was much wetter long ago. The black rectangle shows the outline of a closeup view in the image below. NASA/JPL/Arizona State University/University of Hawaii [View Larger Image]

Review: Human Missions to Mars

The study of human missions to Mars has been the subject of books for at least half a century. Dr. Wernher von Braun wrote on the human exploration of Mars in the late 1940s in what is known commonly today as The Mars Project. During the Apollo program, numerous books and monographs were written on the subject as the next logical step in the human exploration of planets in our solar system. Years later, Apollo 11 astronaut Michael Collins wrote Missions to Mars (Grove Press, 1990). And, of course, Robert Zubrin of The Mars Society has written extensively on the subject.

Building an IT Infrastructure Around Mars

bfwebster writes "Space.com has an article talking about the efforts to observe the arrival of the Phoenix lander on Mars this coming May using current Mars orbiters. This community will likely be intrigued to see the ways in which NASA is using existing landers and orbiters to prepare for, and then monitor, that landing. This includes using the landers Spirit and Opportunity to simulate transmissions from Phoenix as a testing procedure in advance of the actual landing; using the Odyssey orbiter as a high-speed data transmission link from Phoenix to Earth during the landing; and using the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Express orbiter as backup data stores for Phoenix data transmissions during the descent. How long until we get a terabyte solid-state dataserver (running IPv6, natch) in orbit around Mars?"

Mars Probe Finds Salt Deposits

(AP) A Mars probe has spied what appear to be ancient salt deposits in the southern highlands of the planet, giving scientists another place to study whether the environment could have supported primitive life.

Mars Salt Deposit Discovery Points To A New Place To Hunt For Life's Ancient Traces

Scientists using a Mars-orbiting camera designed and operated at Arizona State University's Mars Space Flight Facility have discovered the first evidence for deposits of chloride minerals - salts - in numerous places on Mars. These deposits, say the scientists, show where water was once abundant and may also provide evidence for the existence of former Martian life.

Mars salt deposit discovery points to a new place to hunt for life's ancient traces

Scientists using a Mars-orbiting camera designed and operated at Arizona State University's Mars Space Flight Facility have discovered the first evidence for deposits of chloride minerals - salts - in numerous places on Mars. These deposits, say the scientists, show where water was once abundant and may also provide evidence for the existence of former Martian life.

Chloride salts on Mars may have preserved past life

Chloride-bearing minerals (shown in blue) are often found in terrain that lies lower than its surroundings, suggesting water pooled and evaporated there (Image: M Osterloo/NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/U of Hawaii)

Probe Captures Avalanche on Mars

mdekato writes "MSNBC reports that NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has captured an avalanche on Mars' surface as it happened. Very good still images show what must have been an awesome sight. 'The full image reveals features as small as a desk in a strip of terrain 3.7 miles (6 kilometers) wide and more than 10 times that long, at 84 degrees north latitude. Reddish layers known to be rich in water ice make up the face of a steep slope more than 2,300 feet (700 meters) tall, running the length of the image. Mars' north pole is covered by a cap of ice, and it even snows there. The scientists suspect that more ice than dust probably makes up the material that fell from the upper portion of the scarp.'"

Phoenix Spacecraft Maneuvers for Mars Landing

Looking towards a May 25 landing for the Phoenix Mars Lander, the navigation team for mission adjusted the flight path for the spacecraft on April 10. "This is our first trajectory maneuver targeting a specific location in the northern polar region of Mars," said Brian Portock, chief of the Phoenix navigation team at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The mission's two prior trajectory maneuvers, made last August and October, put the spacecraft on target to just intersect with Mars. But this recent maneuver put it on course to land at a site called “Green Valley,� a broad, flat valley in Mars north polar region. NASA announced they have "conditionally" approved this site, but a final decision has yet to be made. And why, you ask, hasn’t a final decision been made on a landing site at this late date?

Scientists Revisit Mars Sample Return Plans

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — International planning is under way to reinvigorate plans for a Mars sample return mission, with researchers assessing science priorities and strategies to maximize the scientific output from such an undertaking.

Nasa life-hunter closes in on Mars

A spaceship capable of detecting the first signs of life on Mars was this weekend being prepared for the final course corrections before its touchdown on the red planet.

Signs of ancient life on Mars

London, May 09: Using a miniature detector, scientists would be able to pick out magnetic rocks on Mars that might harbour telltale signs of ancient life.

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Mars Orbiter Sees Avalanche on Mars

On February 19, 2008, while monitoring the edge of Mars' north polar cap for changes as the spring thaw arrives, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter was fortunate to catch several avalanches in the act of spilling down the steep slope at the edge of the cap. The cap is to the left; its steep cliff, running across the center of the image from top to bottom, is approximately 700 meters tall and reaches slopes as steep as 60 degrees. The avalanche kicked up billowing clouds of dust that rise high into the air, casting shadows to their lower left. Credit: NASA / JPL / U. Arizona

O2: Apple iPhone no longer available in UK

"O2 has confirmed reports that the iPhone is not currently available anywhere in the UK, and customers may have to wait for the putative 3G Apple iPhone," Carrie-Ann Skinner reports for PC Advisor

A sailing robot to cross the Atlantic

The Times of London reports that seven robotic craft will compete in a race across the Atlantic Ocean in October 2008. One of them, ‘Pinta the robot sailing boat,’ has been designed at Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK. Pinta is expected to sail for three months at a maximum speed of four knots (about 4.6 mph or 7.4 kilometers per hour). Its designers hope the Pinta will become the first robot to cross an ocean using only wind power. This 150-kilogram sailing robot costs only £2,500 (US $4,900 or €3,200). The transatlantic race will start between September 29 and October 5, 2008 from Viana do Castelo, Portugal. The winner will be the first boat to reach a finishing line between the Northern tip of St. Lucia and the Southern tip of Martinique in the Caribbean.

Jason Perlow: Open source commandments

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Trusted Internet initiative aims for security dialogue

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